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Surah 42 · Meccan · 53 Verses

الشورى

SURAH ASH-SHURAA

The Consultation

Surah Ash-Shura connects revelation across prophetic history and calls believers to establish worship, avoid division and conduct their affairs through consultation. It praises forgiveness while allowing proportionate response to wrongdoing, then presents patience and reconciliation as higher moral possibilities. The chapter balances community participation, justice and restraint. More about this surah

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

1

حمٓ

Ḥā, Meem.

Word by Word ▾
حمٓHa Meemhha-meem
2

عٓسٓقٓ

ʿAyn, Seen, Qāf.1405

  1. [1405] See footnote to 2:1. ↩
Word by Word ▾
عٓسٓقٓAyn Seen Qaafain-seen-qaf
3

كَذَٰلِكَ يُوحِىٓ إِلَيْكَ وَإِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِكَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْحَكِيمُ

Thus has He revealed to you, [O Muḥammad], and to those before you - Allāh, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.

Word by Word ▾
كَذَٰلِكَThuskadhālika
يُوحِىٓrevealsyūḥī
إِلَيْكَto youilayka
وَإِلَىand towa-ilā
ٱلَّذِينَthosealladhīna
مِنbefore youmin
قَبْلِكَbefore youqablika
ٱللَّهُAllahl-lahu
ٱلْعَزِيزُthe All-Mightyl-ʿazīzu
ٱلْحَكِيمُthe All-Wisel-ḥakīmu
4

لَهُۥ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ ۖ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَلِىُّ ٱلْعَظِيمُ

To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth, and He is the Most High, the Most Great.1406

  1. [1406] See footnote to 2:255. ↩
Word by Word ▾
لَهُۥTo Himlahu
مَا(belong) whatevermā
فِى(is) infī
ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِthe heavensl-samāwāti
وَمَاand whateverwamā
فِى(is) infī
ٱلْأَرْضِthe earthl-arḍi
وَهُوَand Hewahuwa
ٱلْعَلِىُّ(is) the Most Highl-ʿaliyu
ٱلْعَظِيمُthe Most Greatl-ʿaẓīmu
5

تَكَادُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتُ يَتَفَطَّرْنَ مِن فَوْقِهِنَّ ۚ وَٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ يُسَبِّحُونَ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ وَيَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لِمَن فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ ۗ أَلَآ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلْغَفُورُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ

The heavens almost break from above them,1407 and the angels exalt [Allāh] with praise of their Lord and ask forgiveness for those on earth. Unquestionably, it is Allāh who is the Forgiving, the Merciful.

  1. [1407] i.e., from the grandeur of Allāh (subḥānahu wa taʿālā) above them. ↩
Word by Word ▾
تَكَادُAlmosttakādu
ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتُthe heavensl-samāwātu
يَتَفَطَّرْنَbreak upyatafaṭṭarna
مِنfrommin
فَوْقِهِنَّabove themfawqihinna
وَٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةُand the Angelswal-malāikatu
يُسَبِّحُونَglorifyyusabbiḥūna
بِحَمْدِ(the) praisebiḥamdi
رَبِّهِمْ(of) their Lordrabbihim
وَيَسْتَغْفِرُونَand ask for forgivenesswayastaghfirūna
لِمَنfor thoseliman
فِىonfī
ٱلْأَرْضِthe earthl-arḍi
أَلَآUnquestionablyalā
إِنَّindeedinna
ٱللَّهَAllahl-laha
هُوَHehuwa
ٱلْغَفُورُ(is) the Oft-Forgivingl-ghafūru
ٱلرَّحِيمُthe Most Mercifull-raḥīmu
6

وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ أَوْلِيَآءَ ٱللَّهُ حَفِيظٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَمَآ أَنتَ عَلَيْهِم بِوَكِيلٍۢ

And those who take as allies other than Him - Allāh is [yet] Guardian over them; and you, [O Muḥammad], are not over them a manager -

Word by Word ▾
وَٱلَّذِينَAnd those whowa-alladhīna
ٱتَّخَذُوا۟takeittakhadhū
مِنbesidesmin
دُونِهِۦٓbesidesdūnihi
أَوْلِيَآءَprotectorsawliyāa
ٱللَّهُAllahl-lahu
حَفِيظٌ(is) a Guardianḥafīẓun
عَلَيْهِمْover themʿalayhim
وَمَآand notwamā
أَنتَyouanta
عَلَيْهِم(are) over themʿalayhim
بِوَكِيلٍۢa managerbiwakīlin
7

وَكَذَٰلِكَ أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَيْكَ قُرْءَانًا عَرَبِيًّۭا لِّتُنذِرَ أُمَّ ٱلْقُرَىٰ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهَا وَتُنذِرَ يَوْمَ ٱلْجَمْعِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ ۚ فَرِيقٌۭ فِى ٱلْجَنَّةِ وَفَرِيقٌۭ فِى ٱلسَّعِيرِ

And thus We have revealed to you an Arabic Qur’ān that you may warn the Mother of Cities [i.e., Makkah] and those around it1408 and warn of the Day of Assembly, about which there is no doubt. A party will be in Paradise and a party in the Blaze.

  1. [1408] i.e., all other peoples. ↩
Word by Word ▾
وَكَذَٰلِكَAnd thuswakadhālika
أَوْحَيْنَآWe have revealedawḥaynā
إِلَيْكَto youilayka
قُرْءَانًاa Quranqur'ānan
عَرَبِيًّۭا(in) Arabicʿarabiyyan
لِّتُنذِرَthat you may warnlitundhira
أُمَّ(the) motherumma
ٱلْقُرَىٰ(of) the townsl-qurā
وَمَنْand whoeverwaman
حَوْلَهَا(is) around itḥawlahā
وَتُنذِرَand warnwatundhira
يَوْمَ(of the) Dayyawma
ٱلْجَمْعِ(of) Assemblyl-jamʿi
لَا(there is) nolā
رَيْبَdoubtrayba
فِيهِin itfīhi
فَرِيقٌۭA partyfarīqun
فِى(will be) infī
ٱلْجَنَّةِParadisel-janati
وَفَرِيقٌۭand a partywafarīqun
فِىinfī
ٱلسَّعِيرِthe Blazing Firel-saʿīri
8

وَلَوْ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَجَعَلَهُمْ أُمَّةًۭ وَٰحِدَةًۭ وَلَٰكِن يُدْخِلُ مَن يَشَآءُ فِى رَحْمَتِهِۦ ۚ وَٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ مَا لَهُم مِّن وَلِىٍّۢ وَلَا نَصِيرٍ

And if Allāh willed, He could have made them [of] one religion, but He admits whom He wills1409 into His mercy. And the wrongdoers have not any protector or helper.

  1. [1409] i.e., those who desire His guidance and His acceptance of them. ↩
Word by Word ▾
وَلَوْAnd ifwalaw
شَآءَAllah willedshāa
ٱللَّهُAllah willedl-lahu
لَجَعَلَهُمْHe could have made themlajaʿalahum
أُمَّةًۭa communityummatan
وَٰحِدَةًۭonewāḥidatan
وَلَٰكِنbutwalākin
يُدْخِلُHe admitsyud'khilu
مَنwhomman
يَشَآءُHe willsyashāu
فِىin (to)fī
رَحْمَتِهِۦHis Mercyraḥmatihi
وَٱلظَّٰلِمُونَAnd the wrongdoerswal-ẓālimūna
مَاnotmā
لَهُمfor themlahum
مِّنanymin
وَلِىٍّۢprotectorwaliyyin
وَلَاand notwalā
نَصِيرٍany helpernaṣīrin
9

أَمِ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ أَوْلِيَآءَ ۖ فَٱللَّهُ هُوَ ٱلْوَلِىُّ وَهُوَ يُحْىِ ٱلْمَوْتَىٰ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍۢ قَدِيرٌۭ

Or have they taken protectors [or allies] besides Him? But Allāh - He is the Protector, and He gives life to the dead, and He is over all things competent.

Word by Word ▾
أَمِOrami
ٱتَّخَذُوا۟have they takenittakhadhū
مِنbesides Himmin
دُونِهِۦٓbesides Himdūnihi
أَوْلِيَآءَprotectorsawliyāa
فَٱللَّهُBut Allahfal-lahu
هُوَHehuwa
ٱلْوَلِىُّ(is) the Protectorl-waliyu
وَهُوَand Hewahuwa
يُحْىِgives lifeyuḥ'yī
ٱلْمَوْتَىٰ(to) the deadl-mawtā
وَهُوَAnd Hewahuwa
عَلَىٰ(is) onʿalā
كُلِّeverykulli
شَىْءٍۢthingshayin
قَدِيرٌۭAll-Powerfulqadīrun
10

وَمَا ٱخْتَلَفْتُمْ فِيهِ مِن شَىْءٍۢ فَحُكْمُهُۥٓ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمُ ٱللَّهُ رَبِّى عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَإِلَيْهِ أُنِيبُ

And in anything over which you disagree - its ruling is [to be referred] to Allāh. [Say], "That is Allāh, my Lord; upon Him I have relied, and to Him I turn back."1410

  1. [1410] In remembrance and repentance. ↩
Word by Word ▾
وَمَاAnd whateverwamā
ٱخْتَلَفْتُمْyou differikh'talaftum
فِيهِin itfīhi
مِنofmin
شَىْءٍۢa thingshayin
فَحُكْمُهُۥٓthen its rulingfaḥuk'muhu
إِلَى(is) toilā
ٱللَّهِAllahl-lahi
ذَٰلِكُمُThatdhālikumu
ٱللَّهُ(is) Allahl-lahu
رَبِّىmy Lordrabbī
عَلَيْهِupon Himʿalayhi
تَوَكَّلْتُI put my trusttawakkaltu
وَإِلَيْهِand to Himwa-ilayhi
أُنِيبُI turnunību
11

فَاطِرُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ ۚ جَعَلَ لَكُم مِّنْ أَنفُسِكُمْ أَزْوَٰجًۭا وَمِنَ ٱلْأَنْعَٰمِ أَزْوَٰجًۭا ۖ يَذْرَؤُكُمْ فِيهِ ۚ لَيْسَ كَمِثْلِهِۦ شَىْءٌۭ ۖ وَهُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلْبَصِيرُ

[He is] Creator of the heavens and the earth. He has made for you from yourselves, mates, and among the cattle, mates; He multiplies you thereby. There is nothing like unto Him,1411 and He is the Hearing, the Seeing.1412

  1. [1411] There is no similarity whatsoever between the Creator and His creation in essence, in attributes or in deed. ↩
  2. [1412] See footnotes to 17:1. ↩
Word by Word ▾
فَاطِرُ(The) Creatorfāṭiru
ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ(of) the heavensl-samāwāti
وَٱلْأَرْضِand the earthwal-arḍi
جَعَلَHe madejaʿala
لَكُمfor youlakum
مِّنْfrommin
أَنفُسِكُمْyourselvesanfusikum
أَزْوَٰجًۭاmatesazwājan
وَمِنَand amongwamina
ٱلْأَنْعَٰمِthe cattlel-anʿāmi
أَزْوَٰجًۭاmatesazwājan
يَذْرَؤُكُمْHe multiplies youyadhra-ukum
فِيهِtherebyfīhi
لَيْسَ(There) is notlaysa
كَمِثْلِهِۦlike Himkamith'lihi
شَىْءٌۭanythingshayon
وَهُوَand Hewahuwa
ٱلسَّمِيعُ(is) the All-Hearerl-samīʿu
ٱلْبَصِيرُthe All-Seerl-baṣīru
12

لَهُۥ مَقَالِيدُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ ۖ يَبْسُطُ ٱلرِّزْقَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيَقْدِرُ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌۭ

To Him belong the keys of the heavens and the earth. He extends provision for whom He wills and restricts [it]. Indeed He is, of all things, Knowing.

Word by Word ▾
لَهُۥTo Him (belongs)lahu
مَقَالِيدُ(the) keysmaqālīdu
ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ(of) the heavensl-samāwāti
وَٱلْأَرْضِand the earthwal-arḍi
يَبْسُطُHe extendsyabsuṭu
ٱلرِّزْقَthe provisionl-riz'qa
لِمَنfor whomliman
يَشَآءُHe willsyashāu
وَيَقْدِرُand restrictswayaqdiru
إِنَّهُۥIndeed, Heinnahu
بِكُلِّof everybikulli
شَىْءٍthingshayin
عَلِيمٌۭ(is) All-Knowerʿalīmun
13

۞ شَرَعَ لَكُم مِّنَ ٱلدِّينِ مَا وَصَّىٰ بِهِۦ نُوحًۭا وَٱلَّذِىٓ أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا وَصَّيْنَا بِهِۦٓ إِبْرَٰهِيمَ وَمُوسَىٰ وَعِيسَىٰٓ ۖ أَنْ أَقِيمُوا۟ ٱلدِّينَ وَلَا تَتَفَرَّقُوا۟ فِيهِ ۚ كَبُرَ عَلَى ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ مَا تَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَيْهِ ۚ ٱللَّهُ يَجْتَبِىٓ إِلَيْهِ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَهْدِىٓ إِلَيْهِ مَن يُنِيبُ

He has ordained for you of religion what He enjoined upon Noah and that which We have revealed to you, [O Muḥammad], and what We enjoined upon Abraham and Moses and Jesus - to establish the religion and not be divided therein. Difficult for those who associate others with Allāh is that to which you invite them. Allāh chooses for Himself whom He wills and guides to Himself whoever turns back [to Him].

Word by Word ▾
شَرَعَHe has ordainedsharaʿa
لَكُمfor youlakum
مِّنَofmina
ٱلدِّينِthe religionl-dīni
مَاwhatmā
وَصَّىٰHe enjoinedwaṣṣā
بِهِۦuponbihi
نُوحًۭاNuhnūḥan
وَٱلَّذِىٓand that whichwa-alladhī
أَوْحَيْنَآWe have revealedawḥaynā
إِلَيْكَto youilayka
وَمَاand whatwamā
وَصَّيْنَاWe enjoinedwaṣṣaynā
بِهِۦٓuponbihi
إِبْرَٰهِيمَIbrahimib'rāhīma
وَمُوسَىٰand Musawamūsā
وَعِيسَىٰٓand Isawaʿīsā
أَنْToan
أَقِيمُوا۟establishaqīmū
ٱلدِّينَthe religionl-dīna
وَلَاand notwalā
تَتَفَرَّقُوا۟be dividedtatafarraqū
فِيهِthereinfīhi
كَبُرَIs difficultkabura
عَلَىonʿalā
ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَthe polytheistsl-mush'rikīna
مَاwhatmā
تَدْعُوهُمْyou call themtadʿūhum
إِلَيْهِto itilayhi
ٱللَّهُAllahl-lahu
يَجْتَبِىٓchoosesyajtabī
إِلَيْهِfor Himselfilayhi
مَنwhomman
يَشَآءُHe willsyashāu
وَيَهْدِىٓand guideswayahdī
إِلَيْهِto Himselfilayhi
مَنwhoeverman
يُنِيبُturnsyunību
14

وَمَا تَفَرَّقُوٓا۟ إِلَّا مِنۢ بَعْدِ مَا جَآءَهُمُ ٱلْعِلْمُ بَغْيًۢا بَيْنَهُمْ ۚ وَلَوْلَا كَلِمَةٌۭ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍۢ مُّسَمًّۭى لَّقُضِىَ بَيْنَهُمْ ۚ وَإِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ أُورِثُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ مِنۢ بَعْدِهِمْ لَفِى شَكٍّۢ مِّنْهُ مُرِيبٍۢ

And they did not become divided until after knowledge had come to them - out of jealous animosity between themselves. And if not for a word1413 that preceded from your Lord [postponing the penalty] until a specified time, it would have been concluded between them. And indeed, those who were granted inheritance of the Scripture after them are, concerning it, in disquieting doubt.

  1. [1413] Decree. See footnote to 10:19. ↩
Word by Word ▾
وَمَاAnd notwamā
تَفَرَّقُوٓا۟they became dividedtafarraqū
إِلَّاuntilillā
مِنۢaftermin
بَعْدِafterbaʿdi
مَا[what]mā
جَآءَهُمُcame to themjāahumu
ٱلْعِلْمُthe knowledgel-ʿil'mu
بَغْيًۢا(out of) rivalrybaghyan
بَيْنَهُمْamong thembaynahum
وَلَوْلَاAnd if notwalawlā
كَلِمَةٌۭ(for) a wordkalimatun
سَبَقَتْ(that) precededsabaqat
مِنfrommin
رَّبِّكَyour Lordrabbika
إِلَىٰٓforilā
أَجَلٍۢa termajalin
مُّسَمًّۭىspecifiedmusamman
لَّقُضِىَsurely, it (would have) been settledlaquḍiya
بَيْنَهُمْbetween thembaynahum
وَإِنَّAnd indeedwa-inna
ٱلَّذِينَthose whoalladhīna
أُورِثُوا۟were made to inheritūrithū
ٱلْكِتَٰبَthe Bookl-kitāba
مِنۢafter themmin
بَعْدِهِمْafter thembaʿdihim
لَفِى(are) surely inlafī
شَكٍّۢdoubtshakkin
مِّنْهُconcerning itmin'hu
مُرِيبٍۢdisquietingmurībin
15

فَلِذَٰلِكَ فَٱدْعُ ۖ وَٱسْتَقِمْ كَمَآ أُمِرْتَ ۖ وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَآءَهُمْ ۖ وَقُلْ ءَامَنتُ بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ مِن كِتَٰبٍۢ ۖ وَأُمِرْتُ لِأَعْدِلَ بَيْنَكُمُ ۖ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّنَا وَرَبُّكُمْ ۖ لَنَآ أَعْمَٰلُنَا وَلَكُمْ أَعْمَٰلُكُمْ ۖ لَا حُجَّةَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمُ ۖ ٱللَّهُ يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَنَا ۖ وَإِلَيْهِ ٱلْمَصِيرُ

So to that [religion of Allāh] invite, [O Muḥammad],1414 and remain on a right course as you are commanded and do not follow their inclinations but say, "I have believed in what Allāh has revealed of scripture [i.e., the Qur’ān], and I have been commanded to do justice among you. Allāh is our Lord and your Lord. For us are our deeds, and for you your deeds.1415 There is no [need for] argument between us and you.1416 Allāh will bring us together, and to Him is the [final] destination."

  1. [1414] Another meaning understood from the Arabic is "So because of that [division and separation into sects], invite [them back to Allāh]..." ↩
  2. [1415] i.e., the consequences thereof. ↩
  3. [1416] Since the truth has been made clear and since those who refuse it do so only out of stubbornness or worldly interests. ↩
Word by Word ▾
فَلِذَٰلِكَSo to thatfalidhālika
فَٱدْعُthen invitefa-ud'ʿu
وَٱسْتَقِمْand stand firmwa-is'taqim
كَمَآaskamā
أُمِرْتَyou are commandedumir'ta
وَلَاand (do) notwalā
تَتَّبِعْfollowtattabiʿ
أَهْوَآءَهُمْtheir desiresahwāahum
وَقُلْbut saywaqul
ءَامَنتُI believeāmantu
بِمَآin whatbimā
أَنزَلَAllah has sent downanzala
ٱللَّهُAllah has sent downl-lahu
مِنofmin
كِتَٰبٍۢ(the) Bookkitābin
وَأُمِرْتُand I am commandedwa-umir'tu
لِأَعْدِلَthat I do justiceli-aʿdila
بَيْنَكُمُbetween youbaynakumu
ٱللَّهُAllahl-lahu
رَبُّنَا(is) our Lordrabbunā
وَرَبُّكُمْand your Lordwarabbukum
لَنَآFor uslanā
أَعْمَٰلُنَاour deedsaʿmālunā
وَلَكُمْand for youwalakum
أَعْمَٰلُكُمْyour deedsaʿmālukum
لَا(There is) nolā
حُجَّةَargumentḥujjata
بَيْنَنَاbetween usbaynanā
وَبَيْنَكُمُand between youwabaynakumu
ٱللَّهُAllahl-lahu
يَجْمَعُwill assembleyajmaʿu
بَيْنَنَا[between] usbaynanā
وَإِلَيْهِand to Himwa-ilayhi
ٱلْمَصِيرُ(is) the final returnl-maṣīru
16

وَٱلَّذِينَ يُحَآجُّونَ فِى ٱللَّهِ مِنۢ بَعْدِ مَا ٱسْتُجِيبَ لَهُۥ حُجَّتُهُمْ دَاحِضَةٌ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ وَعَلَيْهِمْ غَضَبٌۭ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌۭ شَدِيدٌ

And those who argue concerning Allāh after He has been responded to1417 - their argument is invalid with their Lord, and upon them is [His] wrath, and for them is a severe punishment.

  1. [1417] i.e., after people have accepted the truth from Allāh, in an attempt to turn the believers away from His religion of Islām. ↩
Word by Word ▾
وَٱلَّذِينَAnd those whowa-alladhīna
يُحَآجُّونَargueyuḥājjūna
فِىconcerningfī
ٱللَّهِAllahl-lahi
مِنۢaftermin
بَعْدِafterbaʿdi
مَا[what]mā
ٱسْتُجِيبَresponse has been made to Himus'tujība
لَهُۥresponse has been made to Himlahu
حُجَّتُهُمْtheir argumentḥujjatuhum
دَاحِضَةٌ(is) invaliddāḥiḍatun
عِندَwithʿinda
رَبِّهِمْtheir Lordrabbihim
وَعَلَيْهِمْand upon themwaʿalayhim
غَضَبٌۭ(is) wrathghaḍabun
وَلَهُمْand for themwalahum
عَذَابٌۭ(is) a punishmentʿadhābun
شَدِيدٌsevereshadīdun
17

ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنزَلَ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ بِٱلْحَقِّ وَٱلْمِيزَانَ ۗ وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ لَعَلَّ ٱلسَّاعَةَ قَرِيبٌۭ

It is Allāh who has sent down the Book in truth and [also] the balance [i.e., justice]. And what will make you perceive? Perhaps the Hour is near.

Word by Word ▾
ٱللَّهُAllahal-lahu
ٱلَّذِىٓ(is) the One Whoalladhī
أَنزَلَ(has) sent downanzala
ٱلْكِتَٰبَthe Bookl-kitāba
بِٱلْحَقِّin truthbil-ḥaqi
وَٱلْمِيزَانَand the Balancewal-mīzāna
وَمَاAnd whatwamā
يُدْرِيكَwill make you knowyud'rīka
لَعَلَّPerhapslaʿalla
ٱلسَّاعَةَthe Hourl-sāʿata
قَرِيبٌۭ(is) nearqarībun
18

يَسْتَعْجِلُ بِهَا ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهَا ۖ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ مُشْفِقُونَ مِنْهَا وَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهَا ٱلْحَقُّ ۗ أَلَآ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يُمَارُونَ فِى ٱلسَّاعَةِ لَفِى ضَلَٰلٍۭ بَعِيدٍ

Those who do not believe in it are impatient for it,1418 but those who believe are fearful of it and know that it is the truth. Unquestionably, those who dispute concerning the Hour are in extreme error.

  1. [1418] They had challenged the Prophet (ﷺ) to bring it on immediately. ↩
Word by Word ▾
يَسْتَعْجِلُSeek to hastenyastaʿjilu
بِهَا[of] itbihā
ٱلَّذِينَthose whoalladhīna
لَا(do) notlā
يُؤْمِنُونَbelieveyu'minūna
بِهَاin itbihā
وَٱلَّذِينَand those whowa-alladhīna
ءَامَنُوا۟believeāmanū
مُشْفِقُونَ(are) fearfulmush'fiqūna
مِنْهَاof itmin'hā
وَيَعْلَمُونَand knowwayaʿlamūna
أَنَّهَاthat itannahā
ٱلْحَقُّ(is) the truthl-ḥaqu
أَلَآUnquestionablyalā
إِنَّindeedinna
ٱلَّذِينَthose whoalladhīna
يُمَارُونَdisputeyumārūna
فِىconcerningfī
ٱلسَّاعَةِthe Hourl-sāʿati
لَفِى(are) certainly inlafī
ضَلَٰلٍۭerrorḍalālin
بَعِيدٍfarbaʿīdin
19

ٱللَّهُ لَطِيفٌۢ بِعِبَادِهِۦ يَرْزُقُ مَن يَشَآءُ ۖ وَهُوَ ٱلْقَوِىُّ ٱلْعَزِيزُ

Allāh is Subtle1419 with His servants; He gives provision to whom He wills. And He is the Powerful, the Exalted in Might.

  1. [1419] See footnote in 12:100. ↩
Word by Word ▾
ٱللَّهُAllahal-lahu
لَطِيفٌۢ(is) Subtlelaṭīfun
بِعِبَادِهِۦwith His slavesbiʿibādihi
يَرْزُقُHe gives provisionyarzuqu
مَن(to) whomman
يَشَآءُHe willsyashāu
وَهُوَAnd Hewahuwa
ٱلْقَوِىُّ(is) the All-Strongl-qawiyu
ٱلْعَزِيزُthe All-Mightyl-ʿazīzu
20

مَن كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرْثَ ٱلْءَاخِرَةِ نَزِدْ لَهُۥ فِى حَرْثِهِۦ ۖ وَمَن كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرْثَ ٱلدُّنْيَا نُؤْتِهِۦ مِنْهَا وَمَا لَهُۥ فِى ٱلْءَاخِرَةِ مِن نَّصِيبٍ

Whoever desires the harvest of the Hereafter - We increase for him in his harvest [i.e., reward]. And whoever desires the harvest [i.e., benefits] of this world - We give him thereof, but there is not for him in the Hereafter any share.

Word by Word ▾
مَنWhoeverman
كَانَiskāna
يُرِيدُdesiringyurīdu
حَرْثَ(the) harvestḥartha
ٱلْءَاخِرَةِ(of) the Hereafterl-ākhirati
نَزِدْWe increasenazid
لَهُۥfor himlahu
فِىinfī
حَرْثِهِۦhis harvestḥarthihi
وَمَنAnd whoeverwaman
كَانَiskāna
يُرِيدُdesiringyurīdu
حَرْثَ(the) harvestḥartha
ٱلدُّنْيَا(of) the worldl-dun'yā
نُؤْتِهِۦWe give himnu'tihi
مِنْهَاof itmin'hā
وَمَاbut notwamā
لَهُۥfor himlahu
فِىinfī
ٱلْءَاخِرَةِthe Hereafterl-ākhirati
مِنanymin
نَّصِيبٍsharenaṣībin
21

أَمْ لَهُمْ شُرَكَٰٓؤُا۟ شَرَعُوا۟ لَهُم مِّنَ ٱلدِّينِ مَا لَمْ يَأْذَنۢ بِهِ ٱللَّهُ ۚ وَلَوْلَا كَلِمَةُ ٱلْفَصْلِ لَقُضِىَ بَيْنَهُمْ ۗ وَإِنَّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌۭ

Or have they partners [i.e., other deities] who have ordained for them a religion to which Allāh has not consented? But if not for the decisive word,1420 it would have been concluded between them. And indeed, the wrongdoers will have a painful punishment.

  1. [1420] Decree. See footnote to 10:19. ↩
Word by Word ▾
أَمْOram
لَهُمْfor themlahum
شُرَكَٰٓؤُا۟(are) partnersshurakāu
شَرَعُوا۟who have ordainedsharaʿū
لَهُمfor themlahum
مِّنَofmina
ٱلدِّينِthe religionl-dīni
مَاwhatmā
لَمْnotlam
يَأْذَنۢAllah has given permission of ityadhan
بِهِAllah has given permission of itbihi
ٱللَّهُAllah has given permission of itl-lahu
وَلَوْلَاAnd if notwalawlā
كَلِمَةُ(for) a wordkalimatu
ٱلْفَصْلِdecisivel-faṣli
لَقُضِىَsurely, it (would have) been judgedlaquḍiya
بَيْنَهُمْbetween thembaynahum
وَإِنَّAnd indeedwa-inna
ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَthe wrongdoersl-ẓālimīna
لَهُمْfor themlahum
عَذَابٌ(is a) punishmentʿadhābun
أَلِيمٌۭpainfulalīmun
22

تَرَى ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ مُشْفِقِينَ مِمَّا كَسَبُوا۟ وَهُوَ وَاقِعٌۢ بِهِمْ ۗ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ فِى رَوْضَاتِ ٱلْجَنَّاتِ ۖ لَهُم مَّا يَشَآءُونَ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ ٱلْفَضْلُ ٱلْكَبِيرُ

You will see the wrongdoers fearful of what they have earned, and it will [certainly] befall them. And those who have believed and done righteous deeds will be in lush regions of the gardens [in Paradise] having whatever they will in the presence of their Lord. That is what is the great bounty.

Word by Word ▾
تَرَىYou will seetarā
ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَthe wrongdoersl-ẓālimīna
مُشْفِقِينَfearfulmush'fiqīna
مِمَّاof whatmimmā
كَسَبُوا۟they earnedkasabū
وَهُوَand itwahuwa
وَاقِعٌۢ(will) befallwāqiʿun
بِهِمْ[on] thembihim
وَٱلَّذِينَAnd those whowa-alladhīna
ءَامَنُوا۟believeāmanū
وَعَمِلُوا۟and dowaʿamilū
ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِrighteous deedsl-ṣāliḥāti
فِى(will be) infī
رَوْضَاتِflowering meadowsrawḍāti
ٱلْجَنَّاتِ(of) the Gardensl-janāti
لَهُمfor themlahum
مَّا(is) whatevermā
يَشَآءُونَthey wishyashāūna
عِندَwithʿinda
رَبِّهِمْtheir Lordrabbihim
ذَٰلِكَThatdhālika
هُوَithuwa
ٱلْفَضْلُ(is) the Bountyl-faḍlu
ٱلْكَبِيرُthe Greatl-kabīru
23

ذَٰلِكَ ٱلَّذِى يُبَشِّرُ ٱللَّهُ عِبَادَهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ ۗ قُل لَّآ أَسْـَٔلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِلَّا ٱلْمَوَدَّةَ فِى ٱلْقُرْبَىٰ ۗ وَمَن يَقْتَرِفْ حَسَنَةًۭ نَّزِدْ لَهُۥ فِيهَا حُسْنًا ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌۭ شَكُورٌ

It is that of which Allāh gives good tidings to His servants who believe and do righteous deeds. Say, [O Muḥammad], "I do not ask you for it [i.e., this message] any payment [but] only good will through [i.e., due to] kinship." And whoever commits a good deed - We will increase for him good therein. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Appreciative.1421

  1. [1421] See footnote in 35:30. ↩
Word by Word ▾
ذَٰلِكَThatdhālika
ٱلَّذِى(is of) whichalladhī
يُبَشِّرُAllah gives glad tidingsyubashiru
ٱللَّهُAllah gives glad tidingsl-lahu
عِبَادَهُ(to) His slavesʿibādahu
ٱلَّذِينَthose whoalladhīna
ءَامَنُوا۟believeāmanū
وَعَمِلُوا۟and dowaʿamilū
ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِrighteous deedsl-ṣāliḥāti
قُلSayqul
لَّآNotlā
أَسْـَٔلُكُمْI ask youasalukum
عَلَيْهِfor itʿalayhi
أَجْرًاany paymentajran
إِلَّاexceptillā
ٱلْمَوَدَّةَthe lovel-mawadata
فِىamongfī
ٱلْقُرْبَىٰthe relativesl-qur'bā
وَمَنAnd whoeverwaman
يَقْتَرِفْearnsyaqtarif
حَسَنَةًۭany goodḥasanatan
نَّزِدْWe increasenazid
لَهُۥfor himlahu
فِيهَاthereinfīhā
حُسْنًاgoodḥus'nan
إِنَّIndeedinna
ٱللَّهَAllahl-laha
غَفُورٌۭ(is) Oft-Forgivingghafūrun
شَكُورٌAll-Appreciativeshakūrun
24

أَمْ يَقُولُونَ ٱفْتَرَىٰ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبًۭا ۖ فَإِن يَشَإِ ٱللَّهُ يَخْتِمْ عَلَىٰ قَلْبِكَ ۗ وَيَمْحُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْبَٰطِلَ وَيُحِقُّ ٱلْحَقَّ بِكَلِمَٰتِهِۦٓ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ عَلِيمٌۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ

Or do they say, "He has invented about Allāh a lie"? But if Allāh willed, He could seal over your heart.1422 And Allāh eliminates falsehood and establishes the truth by His words. Indeed, He is Knowing of that within the breasts.

  1. [1422] i.e., He could make you forget the Qur’ān and deprive you of it. ↩
Word by Word ▾
أَمْOram
يَقُولُونَ(do) they sayyaqūlūna
ٱفْتَرَىٰHe has inventedif'tarā
عَلَىaboutʿalā
ٱللَّهِAllahl-lahi
كَذِبًۭاa liekadhiban
فَإِنBut iffa-in
يَشَإِAllah willedyasha-i
ٱللَّهُAllah willedl-lahu
يَخْتِمْHe would sealyakhtim
عَلَىٰ[over]ʿalā
قَلْبِكَyour heartqalbika
وَيَمْحُAnd Allah eliminateswayamḥu
ٱللَّهُAnd Allah eliminatesl-lahu
ٱلْبَٰطِلَthe falsehoodl-bāṭila
وَيُحِقُّand establisheswayuḥiqqu
ٱلْحَقَّthe truthl-ḥaqa
بِكَلِمَٰتِهِۦٓby His Wordsbikalimātihi
إِنَّهُۥIndeed, Heinnahu
عَلِيمٌۢ(is) All-Knowingʿalīmun
بِذَاتِof whatbidhāti
ٱلصُّدُورِ(is in) the breastsl-ṣudūri
25

وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِى يَقْبَلُ ٱلتَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِۦ وَيَعْفُوا۟ عَنِ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا تَفْعَلُونَ

And it is He who accepts repentance from His servants and pardons misdeeds, and He knows what you do.

Word by Word ▾
وَهُوَAnd Hewahuwa
ٱلَّذِى(is) the One Whoalladhī
يَقْبَلُacceptsyaqbalu
ٱلتَّوْبَةَthe repentancel-tawbata
عَنْofʿan
عِبَادِهِۦHis slavesʿibādihi
وَيَعْفُوا۟and pardonswayaʿfū
عَنِ[of]ʿani
ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِthe evill-sayiāti
وَيَعْلَمُand He knowswayaʿlamu
مَاwhatmā
تَفْعَلُونَyou dotafʿalūna
26

وَيَسْتَجِيبُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَيَزِيدُهُم مِّن فَضْلِهِۦ ۚ وَٱلْكَٰفِرُونَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌۭ شَدِيدٌۭ

And He answers [the supplication of] those who have believed and done righteous deeds and increases [for] them from His bounty. But the disbelievers will have a severe punishment.

Word by Word ▾
وَيَسْتَجِيبُAnd He answerswayastajību
ٱلَّذِينَthose whoalladhīna
ءَامَنُوا۟believeāmanū
وَعَمِلُوا۟and dowaʿamilū
ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِrighteous deedsl-ṣāliḥāti
وَيَزِيدُهُمand increases (for) themwayazīduhum
مِّنfrommin
فَضْلِهِۦHis Bountyfaḍlihi
وَٱلْكَٰفِرُونَAnd the disbelieverswal-kāfirūna
لَهُمْfor themlahum
عَذَابٌۭ(will be) a punishmentʿadhābun
شَدِيدٌۭsevereshadīdun
27

۞ وَلَوْ بَسَطَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلرِّزْقَ لِعِبَادِهِۦ لَبَغَوْا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَلَٰكِن يُنَزِّلُ بِقَدَرٍۢ مَّا يَشَآءُ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ بِعِبَادِهِۦ خَبِيرٌۢ بَصِيرٌۭ

And if Allāh had extended [excessively] provision for His servants, they would have committed tyranny throughout the earth. But He sends [it] down in an amount which He wills. Indeed He is, of His servants, Aware and Seeing.

Word by Word ▾
وَلَوْAnd ifwalaw
بَسَطَAllah extendsbasaṭa
ٱللَّهُAllah extendsl-lahu
ٱلرِّزْقَthe provisionl-riz'qa
لِعِبَادِهِۦfor His slavesliʿibādihi
لَبَغَوْا۟surely they would rebellabaghaw
فِىinfī
ٱلْأَرْضِthe earthl-arḍi
وَلَٰكِنbutwalākin
يُنَزِّلُHe sends downyunazzilu
بِقَدَرٍۢin (due) measurebiqadarin
مَّاwhatmā
يَشَآءُHe willsyashāu
إِنَّهُۥIndeed, Heinnahu
بِعِبَادِهِۦof His slavesbiʿibādihi
خَبِيرٌۢ(is) All-Awarekhabīrun
بَصِيرٌۭAll-Seerbaṣīrun
28

وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِى يُنَزِّلُ ٱلْغَيْثَ مِنۢ بَعْدِ مَا قَنَطُوا۟ وَيَنشُرُ رَحْمَتَهُۥ ۚ وَهُوَ ٱلْوَلِىُّ ٱلْحَمِيدُ

And it is He who sends down the rain after they had despaired and spreads His mercy. And He is the Protector, the Praiseworthy.

Word by Word ▾
وَهُوَAnd Hewahuwa
ٱلَّذِى(is) the One Whoalladhī
يُنَزِّلُsends downyunazzilu
ٱلْغَيْثَthe rainl-ghaytha
مِنۢaftermin
بَعْدِafterbaʿdi
مَا[what]mā
قَنَطُوا۟they have despairedqanaṭū
وَيَنشُرُand spreadswayanshuru
رَحْمَتَهُۥHis mercyraḥmatahu
وَهُوَAnd Hewahuwa
ٱلْوَلِىُّ(is) the Protectorl-waliyu
ٱلْحَمِيدُthe Praiseworthyl-ḥamīdu
29

وَمِنْ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ خَلْقُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَثَّ فِيهِمَا مِن دَآبَّةٍۢ ۚ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ جَمْعِهِمْ إِذَا يَشَآءُ قَدِيرٌۭ

And of His signs is the creation of the heavens and earth and what He has dispersed throughout them of creatures. And He, for gathering them when He wills, is competent.

Word by Word ▾
وَمِنْAnd amongwamin
ءَايَٰتِهِۦHis Signsāyātihi
خَلْقُ(is the) creationkhalqu
ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ(of) the heavensl-samāwāti
وَٱلْأَرْضِand the earthwal-arḍi
وَمَاand whateverwamā
بَثَّHe has dispersedbatha
فِيهِمَاin both of themfīhimā
مِنofmin
دَآبَّةٍۢ(the) creaturesdābbatin
وَهُوَAnd Hewahuwa
عَلَىٰ(is) overʿalā
جَمْعِهِمْtheir gatheringjamʿihim
إِذَاwhenidhā
يَشَآءُHe willsyashāu
قَدِيرٌۭAll-Powerfulqadīrun
30

وَمَآ أَصَٰبَكُم مِّن مُّصِيبَةٍۢ فَبِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَيَعْفُوا۟ عَن كَثِيرٍۢ

And whatever strikes you of disaster - it is for what your hands have earned; but He pardons much.

Word by Word ▾
وَمَآAnd whateverwamā
أَصَٰبَكُمbefalls youaṣābakum
مِّنofmin
مُّصِيبَةٍۢ(the) misfortunemuṣībatin
فَبِمَا(is because) of whatfabimā
كَسَبَتْhave earnedkasabat
أَيْدِيكُمْyour handsaydīkum
وَيَعْفُوا۟But He pardonswayaʿfū
عَن[from]ʿan
كَثِيرٍۢmuchkathīrin
31

وَمَآ أَنتُم بِمُعْجِزِينَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ ۖ وَمَا لَكُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ مِن وَلِىٍّۢ وَلَا نَصِيرٍۢ

And you will not cause failure [to Allāh]1423 upon the earth. And you have not besides Allāh any protector or helper.

  1. [1423] i.e., escape from Him. ↩
Word by Word ▾
وَمَآAnd notwamā
أَنتُمyouantum
بِمُعْجِزِينَ(can) escapebimuʿ'jizīna
فِىinfī
ٱلْأَرْضِthe earthl-arḍi
وَمَاand notwamā
لَكُمfor youlakum
مِّنbesidesmin
دُونِbesidesdūni
ٱللَّهِAllahl-lahi
مِنanymin
وَلِىٍّۢprotectorwaliyyin
وَلَاand notwalā
نَصِيرٍۢany helpernaṣīrin
32

وَمِنْ ءَايَٰتِهِ ٱلْجَوَارِ فِى ٱلْبَحْرِ كَٱلْأَعْلَٰمِ

And of His signs are the ships in the sea, like mountains.

Word by Word ▾
وَمِنْAnd amongwamin
ءَايَٰتِهِHis Signsāyātihi
ٱلْجَوَارِ(are) the shipsl-jawāri
فِىinfī
ٱلْبَحْرِthe seal-baḥri
كَٱلْأَعْلَٰمِlike [the] mountainskal-aʿlāmi
33

إِن يَشَأْ يُسْكِنِ ٱلرِّيحَ فَيَظْلَلْنَ رَوَاكِدَ عَلَىٰ ظَهْرِهِۦٓ ۚ إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَءَايَٰتٍۢ لِّكُلِّ صَبَّارٍۢ شَكُورٍ

If He willed, He could still the wind, and they would remain motionless on its surface. Indeed in that are signs for everyone patient and grateful.

Word by Word ▾
إِنIfin
يَشَأْHe willsyasha
يُسْكِنِHe can cause the wind to become stillyus'kini
ٱلرِّيحَHe can cause the wind to become stilll-rīḥa
فَيَظْلَلْنَthen they would remainfayaẓlalna
رَوَاكِدَmotionlessrawākida
عَلَىٰonʿalā
ظَهْرِهِۦٓits backẓahrihi
إِنَّIndeedinna
فِىinfī
ذَٰلِكَthatdhālika
لَءَايَٰتٍۢsurely (are) Signslaāyātin
لِّكُلِّfor everyonelikulli
صَبَّارٍۢpatientṣabbārin
شَكُورٍ(and) gratefulshakūrin
34

أَوْ يُوبِقْهُنَّ بِمَا كَسَبُوا۟ وَيَعْفُ عَن كَثِيرٍۢ

Or He could destroy them1424 for what they earned; but He pardons much.

  1. [1424] Meaning that Allāh could sink the ships by means of violent winds. ↩
Word by Word ▾
أَوْOraw
يُوبِقْهُنَّHe could destroy themyūbiq'hunna
بِمَاfor whatbimā
كَسَبُوا۟they have earnedkasabū
وَيَعْفُbut He pardonswayaʿfu
عَن[from]ʿan
كَثِيرٍۢmuchkathīrin
35

وَيَعْلَمَ ٱلَّذِينَ يُجَٰدِلُونَ فِىٓ ءَايَٰتِنَا مَا لَهُم مِّن مَّحِيصٍۢ

And [that is so] those who dispute concerning Our signs may know that for them there is no place of escape.

Word by Word ▾
وَيَعْلَمَAnd may knowwayaʿlama
ٱلَّذِينَthose whoalladhīna
يُجَٰدِلُونَdisputeyujādilūna
فِىٓconcerningfī
ءَايَٰتِنَاOur Signsāyātinā
مَا(that) notmā
لَهُمfor themlahum
مِّنanymin
مَّحِيصٍۢplace of refugemaḥīṣin
36

فَمَآ أُوتِيتُم مِّن شَىْءٍۢ فَمَتَٰعُ ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا ۖ وَمَا عِندَ ٱللَّهِ خَيْرٌۭ وَأَبْقَىٰ لِلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَلَىٰ رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ

So whatever thing you have been given - it is but [for] enjoyment of the worldly life. But what is with Allāh is better and more lasting for those who have believed and upon their Lord rely

Word by Word ▾
فَمَآSo whateverfamā
أُوتِيتُمyou are givenūtītum
مِّنofmin
شَىْءٍۢa thingshayin
فَمَتَٰعُ(is) but a passing enjoymentfamatāʿu
ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ(for) the lifel-ḥayati
ٱلدُّنْيَا(of) the worldl-dun'yā
وَمَاBut whatwamā
عِندَ(is) withʿinda
ٱللَّهِAllahl-lahi
خَيْرٌۭ(is) betterkhayrun
وَأَبْقَىٰand more lastingwa-abqā
لِلَّذِينَfor those wholilladhīna
ءَامَنُوا۟believeāmanū
وَعَلَىٰand uponwaʿalā
رَبِّهِمْtheir Lordrabbihim
يَتَوَكَّلُونَput (their) trustyatawakkalūna
37

وَٱلَّذِينَ يَجْتَنِبُونَ كَبَٰٓئِرَ ٱلْإِثْمِ وَٱلْفَوَٰحِشَ وَإِذَا مَا غَضِبُوا۟ هُمْ يَغْفِرُونَ

And those who avoid the major sins and immoralities, and when they are angry, they forgive,

Word by Word ▾
وَٱلَّذِينَAnd those whowa-alladhīna
يَجْتَنِبُونَavoidyajtanibūna
كَبَٰٓئِرَ(the) greaterkabāira
ٱلْإِثْمِsinsl-ith'mi
وَٱلْفَوَٰحِشَand the immoralitieswal-fawāḥisha
وَإِذَاand whenwa-idhā
مَاand whenmā
غَضِبُوا۟they are angryghaḍibū
هُمْtheyhum
يَغْفِرُونَforgiveyaghfirūna
38

وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱسْتَجَابُوا۟ لِرَبِّهِمْ وَأَقَامُوا۟ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَأَمْرُهُمْ شُورَىٰ بَيْنَهُمْ وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَٰهُمْ يُنفِقُونَ

And those who have responded to their Lord and established prayer and whose affair is [determined by] consultation among themselves, and from what We have provided them, they spend,

Word by Word ▾
وَٱلَّذِينَAnd those whowa-alladhīna
ٱسْتَجَابُوا۟respondis'tajābū
لِرَبِّهِمْto their Lordlirabbihim
وَأَقَامُوا۟and establishwa-aqāmū
ٱلصَّلَوٰةَprayerl-ṣalata
وَأَمْرُهُمْand their affairswa-amruhum
شُورَىٰ(are conducted by) consultationshūrā
بَيْنَهُمْamong thembaynahum
وَمِمَّاand from whatwamimmā
رَزَقْنَٰهُمْWe have provided themrazaqnāhum
يُنفِقُونَthey spendyunfiqūna
39

وَٱلَّذِينَ إِذَآ أَصَابَهُمُ ٱلْبَغْىُ هُمْ يَنتَصِرُونَ

And those who, when tyranny strikes them, they retaliate [in a just manner].1425

  1. [1425] Restoring their rights and not allowing aggressors to take advantage of them out of weakness. ↩
Word by Word ▾
وَٱلَّذِينَAnd those whowa-alladhīna
إِذَآwhenidhā
أَصَابَهُمُstrikes themaṣābahumu
ٱلْبَغْىُtyrannyl-baghyu
هُمْtheyhum
يَنتَصِرُونَdefend themselvesyantaṣirūna
40

وَجَزَٰٓؤُا۟ سَيِّئَةٍۢ سَيِّئَةٌۭ مِّثْلُهَا ۖ فَمَنْ عَفَا وَأَصْلَحَ فَأَجْرُهُۥ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ

And the retribution for an evil act is an evil one like it, but whoever pardons and makes reconciliation - his reward is [due] from Allāh. Indeed, He does not like wrongdoers.

Word by Word ▾
وَجَزَٰٓؤُا۟(The) recompensewajazāu
سَيِّئَةٍۢ(of) an evilsayyi-atin
سَيِّئَةٌۭ(is) an evilsayyi-atun
مِّثْلُهَاlike itmith'luhā
فَمَنْBut whoeverfaman
عَفَاpardonsʿafā
وَأَصْلَحَand makes reconciliationwa-aṣlaḥa
فَأَجْرُهُۥthen his rewardfa-ajruhu
عَلَى(is) onʿalā
ٱللَّهِAllahl-lahi
إِنَّهُۥIndeed, Heinnahu
لَا(does) notlā
يُحِبُّlikeyuḥibbu
ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَthe wrongdoersl-ẓālimīna
41

وَلَمَنِ ٱنتَصَرَ بَعْدَ ظُلْمِهِۦ فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ مَا عَلَيْهِم مِّن سَبِيلٍ

And whoever retaliates after having been wronged - those have not upon them any cause [for blame].

Word by Word ▾
وَلَمَنِAnd surely whosoeverwalamani
ٱنتَصَرَdefends himselfintaṣara
بَعْدَafterbaʿda
ظُلْمِهِۦhe has been wrongedẓul'mihi
فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَthen thosefa-ulāika
مَاnotmā
عَلَيْهِم(is) against themʿalayhim
مِّنanymin
سَبِيلٍwaysabīlin
42

إِنَّمَا ٱلسَّبِيلُ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ يَظْلِمُونَ ٱلنَّاسَ وَيَبْغُونَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ ٱلْحَقِّ ۚ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌۭ

The cause is only against the ones who wrong the people and tyrannize upon the earth without right. Those will have a painful punishment.

Word by Word ▾
إِنَّمَاOnlyinnamā
ٱلسَّبِيلُthe wayl-sabīlu
عَلَىagainstʿalā
ٱلَّذِينَthose whoalladhīna
يَظْلِمُونَoppressyaẓlimūna
ٱلنَّاسَthe peoplel-nāsa
وَيَبْغُونَand rebelwayabghūna
فِىinfī
ٱلْأَرْضِthe earthl-arḍi
بِغَيْرِwithoutbighayri
ٱلْحَقِّrightl-ḥaqi
أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَThoseulāika
لَهُمْfor themlahum
عَذَابٌ(is) a punishmentʿadhābun
أَلِيمٌۭpainfulalīmun
43

وَلَمَن صَبَرَ وَغَفَرَ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ لَمِنْ عَزْمِ ٱلْأُمُورِ

And whoever is patient and forgives - indeed, that is of the matters [worthy] of resolve.1426

  1. [1426] On the part of those seeking the reward of Allāh. ↩
Word by Word ▾
وَلَمَنAnd whoeverwalaman
صَبَرَ(is) patientṣabara
وَغَفَرَand forgiveswaghafara
إِنَّindeedinna
ذَٰلِكَthatdhālika
لَمِنْ(is) surely oflamin
عَزْمِmatters of determinationʿazmi
ٱلْأُمُورِmatters of determinationl-umūri
44

وَمَن يُضْلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُۥ مِن وَلِىٍّۢ مِّنۢ بَعْدِهِۦ ۗ وَتَرَى ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ لَمَّا رَأَوُا۟ ٱلْعَذَابَ يَقُولُونَ هَلْ إِلَىٰ مَرَدٍّۢ مِّن سَبِيلٍۢ

And he whom Allāh sends astray - for him there is no protector beyond Him. And you will see the wrongdoers, when they see the punishment, saying, "Is there for return [to the former world] any way?"

Word by Word ▾
وَمَنAnd whoeverwaman
يُضْلِلِAllah lets go astrayyuḍ'lili
ٱللَّهُAllah lets go astrayl-lahu
فَمَاthen notfamā
لَهُۥfor himlahu
مِنanymin
وَلِىٍّۢprotectorwaliyyin
مِّنۢafter Himmin
بَعْدِهِۦafter Himbaʿdihi
وَتَرَىAnd you will seewatarā
ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَthe wrongdoersl-ẓālimīna
لَمَّاwhenlammā
رَأَوُا۟they seera-awū
ٱلْعَذَابَthe punishmentl-ʿadhāba
يَقُولُونَsayingyaqūlūna
هَلْIshal
إِلَىٰ(there) forilā
مَرَدٍّۢreturnmaraddin
مِّنanymin
سَبِيلٍۢwaysabīlin
45

وَتَرَىٰهُمْ يُعْرَضُونَ عَلَيْهَا خَٰشِعِينَ مِنَ ٱلذُّلِّ يَنظُرُونَ مِن طَرْفٍ خَفِىٍّۢ ۗ وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِنَّ ٱلْخَٰسِرِينَ ٱلَّذِينَ خَسِرُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَهُمْ وَأَهْلِيهِمْ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ ۗ أَلَآ إِنَّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ فِى عَذَابٍۢ مُّقِيمٍۢ

And you will see them being exposed to it [i.e., the Fire], humbled from humiliation, looking from [behind] a covert glance. And those who had believed will say, "Indeed, the [true] losers are the ones who lost themselves and their families on the Day of Resurrection. Unquestionably, the wrongdoers are in an enduring punishment."

Word by Word ▾
وَتَرَىٰهُمْAnd you will see themwatarāhum
يُعْرَضُونَbeing exposedyuʿ'raḍūna
عَلَيْهَاto itʿalayhā
خَٰشِعِينَhumbledkhāshiʿīna
مِنَbymina
ٱلذُّلِّdisgracel-dhuli
يَنظُرُونَlookingyanẓurūna
مِنwithmin
طَرْفٍa glanceṭarfin
خَفِىٍّۢstealthykhafiyyin
وَقَالَAnd will saywaqāla
ٱلَّذِينَthose whoalladhīna
ءَامَنُوٓا۟believedāmanū
إِنَّIndeedinna
ٱلْخَٰسِرِينَthe losersl-khāsirīna
ٱلَّذِينَ(are) those whoalladhīna
خَسِرُوٓا۟lostkhasirū
أَنفُسَهُمْthemselvesanfusahum
وَأَهْلِيهِمْand their familieswa-ahlīhim
يَوْمَ(on the) Dayyawma
ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ(of) the Resurrectionl-qiyāmati
أَلَآUnquestionablyalā
إِنَّIndeedinna
ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَthe wrongdoersl-ẓālimīna
فِى(are) infī
عَذَابٍۢa punishmentʿadhābin
مُّقِيمٍۢlastingmuqīmin
46

وَمَا كَانَ لَهُم مِّنْ أَوْلِيَآءَ يَنصُرُونَهُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ ۗ وَمَن يُضْلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُۥ مِن سَبِيلٍ

And there will not be for them any allies to aid them other than Allāh. And whoever Allāh sends astray - for him there is no way.

Word by Word ▾
وَمَاAnd notwamā
كَانَwill bekāna
لَهُمfor themlahum
مِّنْanymin
أَوْلِيَآءَprotectorawliyāa
يَنصُرُونَهُم(who) will help themyanṣurūnahum
مِّنbesidesmin
دُونِbesidesdūni
ٱللَّهِAllahl-lahi
وَمَنAnd whomwaman
يُضْلِلِAllah lets go astrayyuḍ'lili
ٱللَّهُAllah lets go astrayl-lahu
فَمَاthen notfamā
لَهُۥfor himlahu
مِنanymin
سَبِيلٍwaysabīlin
47

ٱسْتَجِيبُوا۟ لِرَبِّكُم مِّن قَبْلِ أَن يَأْتِىَ يَوْمٌۭ لَّا مَرَدَّ لَهُۥ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ ۚ مَا لَكُم مِّن مَّلْجَإٍۢ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ وَمَا لَكُم مِّن نَّكِيرٍۢ

Respond to your Lord before a Day comes from Allāh of which there is no repelling. No refuge will you have that Day, nor for you will there be any denial.1427

  1. [1427] Of your sins or "disapproval" of your punishment. ↩
Word by Word ▾
ٱسْتَجِيبُوا۟Respondis'tajībū
لِرَبِّكُمto your Lordlirabbikum
مِّنbeforemin
قَبْلِbeforeqabli
أَن[that]an
يَأْتِىَcomesyatiya
يَوْمٌۭa Dayyawmun
لَّا(there is) nolā
مَرَدَّavertingmaradda
لَهُۥfor itlahu
مِنَfrommina
ٱللَّهِAllahl-lahi
مَاNotmā
لَكُم(is) for youlakum
مِّنanymin
مَّلْجَإٍۢrefugemalja-in
يَوْمَئِذٍۢ(on) that Dayyawma-idhin
وَمَاand notwamā
لَكُمfor youlakum
مِّنanymin
نَّكِيرٍۢdenialnakīrin
48

فَإِنْ أَعْرَضُوا۟ فَمَآ أَرْسَلْنَٰكَ عَلَيْهِمْ حَفِيظًا ۖ إِنْ عَلَيْكَ إِلَّا ٱلْبَلَٰغُ ۗ وَإِنَّآ إِذَآ أَذَقْنَا ٱلْإِنسَٰنَ مِنَّا رَحْمَةًۭ فَرِحَ بِهَا ۖ وَإِن تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌۢ بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ فَإِنَّ ٱلْإِنسَٰنَ كَفُورٌۭ

But if they turn away - then We have not sent you, [O Muḥammad], over them as a guardian; upon you is only [the duty of] notification. And indeed, when We let man taste mercy from Us, he rejoices in it; but if evil afflicts him for what his hands have put forth, then indeed, man is ungrateful.

Word by Word ▾
فَإِنْThen iffa-in
أَعْرَضُوا۟they turn awayaʿraḍū
فَمَآthen notfamā
أَرْسَلْنَٰكَWe have sent youarsalnāka
عَلَيْهِمْover themʿalayhim
حَفِيظًا(as) a guardianḥafīẓan
إِنْNotin
عَلَيْكَ(is) on youʿalayka
إِلَّاexceptillā
ٱلْبَلَٰغُthe conveyancel-balāghu
وَإِنَّآAnd indeedwa-innā
إِذَآwhenidhā
أَذَقْنَاWe cause to tasteadhaqnā
ٱلْإِنسَٰنَ[the] manl-insāna
مِنَّاfrom Usminnā
رَحْمَةًۭMercyraḥmatan
فَرِحَhe rejoicesfariḥa
بِهَاin itbihā
وَإِنBut ifwa-in
تُصِبْهُمْbefalls themtuṣib'hum
سَيِّئَةٌۢevilsayyi-atun
بِمَاfor whatbimā
قَدَّمَتْhave sent forthqaddamat
أَيْدِيهِمْtheir handsaydīhim
فَإِنَّthen indeedfa-inna
ٱلْإِنسَٰنَ[the] manl-insāna
كَفُورٌۭ(is) ungratefulkafūrun
49

لِّلَّهِ مُلْكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ ۚ يَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَآءُ ۚ يَهَبُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ إِنَٰثًۭا وَيَهَبُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ ٱلذُّكُورَ

To Allāh belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth; He creates what He wills. He gives to whom He wills female [children], and He gives to whom He wills males.

Word by Word ▾
لِّلَّهِTo Allahlillahi
مُلْكُ(belongs the) dominionmul'ku
ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ(of) the heavensl-samāwāti
وَٱلْأَرْضِand the earthwal-arḍi
يَخْلُقُHe createsyakhluqu
مَاwhatmā
يَشَآءُHe willsyashāu
يَهَبُHe grantsyahabu
لِمَنto whomliman
يَشَآءُHe willsyashāu
إِنَٰثًۭاfemalesināthan
وَيَهَبُand He grantswayahabu
لِمَنto whomliman
يَشَآءُHe willsyashāu
ٱلذُّكُورَ[the] malesl-dhukūra
50

أَوْ يُزَوِّجُهُمْ ذُكْرَانًۭا وَإِنَٰثًۭا ۖ وَيَجْعَلُ مَن يَشَآءُ عَقِيمًا ۚ إِنَّهُۥ عَلِيمٌۭ قَدِيرٌۭ

Or He makes them [both] males and females, and He renders whom He wills barren. Indeed, He is Knowing and Competent.

Word by Word ▾
أَوْOraw
يُزَوِّجُهُمْHe grants themyuzawwijuhum
ذُكْرَانًۭاmalesdhuk'rānan
وَإِنَٰثًۭاand femaleswa-ināthan
وَيَجْعَلُand He makeswayajʿalu
مَنwhomman
يَشَآءُHe willsyashāu
عَقِيمًاbarrenʿaqīman
إِنَّهُۥIndeed, Heinnahu
عَلِيمٌۭ(is) All-Knowerʿalīmun
قَدِيرٌۭAll-Powerfulqadīrun
51

۞ وَمَا كَانَ لِبَشَرٍ أَن يُكَلِّمَهُ ٱللَّهُ إِلَّا وَحْيًا أَوْ مِن وَرَآئِ حِجَابٍ أَوْ يُرْسِلَ رَسُولًۭا فَيُوحِىَ بِإِذْنِهِۦ مَا يَشَآءُ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ عَلِىٌّ حَكِيمٌۭ

And it is not for any human being that Allāh should speak to him except by revelation or from behind a partition or that He sends a messenger [i.e., angel] to reveal, by His permission, what He wills. Indeed, He is Most High and Wise.

Word by Word ▾
وَمَاAnd notwamā
كَانَiskāna
لِبَشَرٍfor any humanlibasharin
أَنthatan
يُكَلِّمَهُAllah should speak to himyukallimahu
ٱللَّهُAllah should speak to himl-lahu
إِلَّاexceptillā
وَحْيًا(by) revelationwaḥyan
أَوْoraw
مِنfrommin
وَرَآئِbehindwarāi
حِجَابٍa veilḥijābin
أَوْoraw
يُرْسِلَ(by) sendingyur'sila
رَسُولًۭاa messengerrasūlan
فَيُوحِىَthen he revealsfayūḥiya
بِإِذْنِهِۦby His permissionbi-idh'nihi
مَاwhatmā
يَشَآءُHe willsyashāu
إِنَّهُۥIndeed, Heinnahu
عَلِىٌّ(is) Most Highʿaliyyun
حَكِيمٌۭMost Wiseḥakīmun
52

وَكَذَٰلِكَ أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَيْكَ رُوحًۭا مِّنْ أَمْرِنَا ۚ مَا كُنتَ تَدْرِى مَا ٱلْكِتَٰبُ وَلَا ٱلْإِيمَٰنُ وَلَٰكِن جَعَلْنَٰهُ نُورًۭا نَّهْدِى بِهِۦ مَن نَّشَآءُ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا ۚ وَإِنَّكَ لَتَهْدِىٓ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٍۢ مُّسْتَقِيمٍۢ

And thus We have revealed to you an inspiration of Our command [i.e., the Qur’ān]. You did not know what is the Book or [what is] faith, but We have made it a light by which We guide whom We will of Our servants. And indeed, [O Muḥammad], you guide to a straight path -

Word by Word ▾
وَكَذَٰلِكَAnd thuswakadhālika
أَوْحَيْنَآWe have revealedawḥaynā
إِلَيْكَto youilayka
رُوحًۭاan inspirationrūḥan
مِّنْbymin
أَمْرِنَاOur Commandamrinā
مَاNotmā
كُنتَ(did) youkunta
تَدْرِىknowtadrī
مَاwhatmā
ٱلْكِتَٰبُthe Book (is)l-kitābu
وَلَاand notwalā
ٱلْإِيمَٰنُthe faithl-īmānu
وَلَٰكِنButwalākin
جَعَلْنَٰهُWe have made itjaʿalnāhu
نُورًۭاa lightnūran
نَّهْدِىWe guidenahdī
بِهِۦwith itbihi
مَنwhomman
نَّشَآءُWe willnashāu
مِنْofmin
عِبَادِنَاOur slavesʿibādinā
وَإِنَّكَAnd indeed, youwa-innaka
لَتَهْدِىٓsurely guidelatahdī
إِلَىٰtoilā
صِرَٰطٍۢ(the) Pathṣirāṭin
مُّسْتَقِيمٍۢStraightmus'taqīmin
53

صِرَٰطِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلَّذِى لَهُۥ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ ۗ أَلَآ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ تَصِيرُ ٱلْأُمُورُ

The path of Allāh, to whom belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. Unquestionably, to Allāh do [all] matters evolve [i.e., return].

Word by Word ▾
صِرَٰطِ(The) pathṣirāṭi
ٱللَّهِ(of) Allahl-lahi
ٱلَّذِىthe Onealladhī
لَهُۥto Whomlahu
مَا(belongs) whatevermā
فِى(is) infī
ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِthe heavensl-samāwāti
وَمَاand whateverwamā
فِى(is) infī
ٱلْأَرْضِthe earthl-arḍi
أَلَآUnquestionablyalā
إِلَىToilā
ٱللَّهِAllahl-lahi
تَصِيرُreachtaṣīru
ٱلْأُمُورُall affairsl-umūru

At a Glance

Verses
53
Words (Arabic)
860 — ranked 31 of 114 surahs by word count
Average per verse
16.2 words
Longest verse
42:13 (38 words)
Shortest verse
42:1, 42:2 (1 word)
Revealed
Meccan
Juz
Juz 25

Word counts are computed from the Uthmani Arabic text used on this site; the basmalah at the head of the surah is not counted. Counts can differ slightly between printed editions of the Mushaf.

About This Surah

The opening places the Quran within a continuing pattern of revelation. God possesses the heavens and earth, and the angels seek forgiveness for people on earth. The messenger is a warner, not a controller of belief.

The surah states that the same essential religion was commanded to Noah, Abraham, Moses and Jesus: establish the faith and do not divide over it. This shared foundation should not erase real theological differences or become a claim that every religious doctrine is identical.

Division is described as arising after knowledge through rivalry. The messenger is told to remain upright and judge fairly rather than follow competing desires.

Consultation appears among the qualities of believers alongside prayer, spending and resistance to oppression. The verse supports participatory community ethics, but on its own it does not define a complete modern constitutional system.

When wrongdoing occurs, a proportionate response is permitted, while forgiveness and reconciliation receive special praise. Patience is described as a matter of resolve. This balance avoids both uncontrolled retaliation and pressure on vulnerable people to reconcile unsafely.

The final passages explain that revelation comes by inspiration, from behind a veil or through a messenger, and describe the Quran as a guiding spirit or light by divine command.

Consultation is a communal virtue, but it does not make every majority decision just or erase the rights of vulnerable people.

The permission to answer wrongdoing proportionately is followed by praise of pardon and reconciliation; neither verse authorizes private punishment nor pressures victims into unsafe reconciliation.

Children, sons, daughters, and infertility are described under divine creation.

Core Themes

  • Prophetic revelation shares a monotheistic foundation.
  • Knowledge can be corrupted by rivalry.
  • Fairness should survive disagreement.
  • Community affairs involve consultation.
  • Resistance to wrongdoing has limits.
  • Forgiveness is virtuous but cannot be coerced.

Structure

Verses 1-12: Revelation, divine authority and angelic prayer — 1-12

Verses 13-20: Shared prophetic foundation and division — 13-20

Verses 21-29: False religious authority and signs — 21-29

Verses 30-43: Consequence, mercy, consultation and justice — 30-43

Verses 44-53: Accountability and modes of revelation — 44-53

Reading Guide

Reading step 1

Read shared prophetic religion without flattening theological distinctions.

Reading step 2

Link consultation to prayer, generosity and resistance to oppression.

Reading step 3

Read proportionate response and forgiveness together.

Reading step 4

Avoid using patience to pressure victims into unsafe reconciliation.

Key Passages

Divine incomparability — 11

The verse moves from creation and paired life to divine incomparability, then names hearing and sight. Those statements belong together: the Creator sustains a world of familiar relationships without becoming another instance within it. The closing attributes preserve divine knowledge rather than supplying a physical likeness.

Shared prophetic foundation and fairness — 13-15

Noah, Abraham, Moses and Jesus are named within a shared call to establish religion rather than fragment it. Division is associated with rivalry after knowledge. The messenger is then instructed to remain steady and act justly, joining fidelity to revelation with fairness toward those who disagree.

Affection/relationship language requiring careful interpretation — 23

The messenger's statement about payment includes a phrase concerning goodwill and kinship, followed by reward for good action. Its relational wording needs attention to translation notes and context. The surrounding emphasis on divine generosity should not become a demand for money or unconditional allegiance to a human group.

Provision and signs — 27-29

Restricted provision is discussed alongside the danger of excess, but the next image is rain after despair. Together the verses prevent abundance from being read in only one way. Creation and the gathering of its creatures then broaden the perspective beyond immediate human expectations.

Consequence and mercy — 30-34

The repeated statement about pardon surrounds a description of consequence and vulnerability. Ships that depend on the wind make that dependence visible. A reader should preserve both responsibility and mercy in this sequence, without claiming to know which personal fault explains a particular person's disaster.

Consultation, resistance and forgiveness — 36-43

Consultation, prayer, generosity and forgiveness appear beside resistance to oppression. The passage limits response to proportionate justice, commends reconciliation and explicitly places blame on wrongdoers. Its praise of patience therefore cannot be used to erase a victim's right to seek protection or redress.

Children and divine gift — 49-50

Daughters, sons, children of both sexes and childlessness are included within the description of divine sovereignty. The list does not rank one family outcome as proof of greater faith. Its closing reference to knowledge and power directs attention away from judging parents by circumstances they do not control.

Modes of revelation — 51-53

The account distinguishes ways in which revelation reaches a human recipient before describing the Quran as light and guidance. The messenger guides toward a path whose ownership belongs to God. This keeps the human bearer, the revealed message and its divine source related without making them interchangeable.

Recitation Note

No exclusive time, fixed repetition count, or guaranteed worldly outcome is asserted here for reciting Surah Ash-Shura. Reading it is worship and study; any claim about protection, healing, provision, marriage, political success, or a prescribed number requires separate exact evidence and carefully limited wording.

Interpretation Limits

  • Consultation does not by itself settle every modern governance question.
  • Forgiveness should not be demanded from people facing ongoing harm.
  • Interfaith language must be accurate and non-hostile.
  • Divine-attribute verses require theological restraint.
  • Family and fertility passages should not become guaranteed prayer formulas.
  • Consultation does not validate injustice merely because a majority or powerful group agrees.
  • Proportionate response does not authorize private punishment, and pardon must not be forced upon victims.
  • Infertility must not be treated as shame, punishment, or proof of deficient faith.

Quick Links

Sources