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VerseSurah

Surah 74 · Meccan · 56 Verses

المدثر

SURAH AL-MUDDATHTHIR

The Cloaked One

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

1

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلْمُدَّثِّرُ

O you who covers himself [with a garment],1788

  1. [1788] Referring to the Prophet (ﷺ). ↩

2

قُمْ فَأَنذِرْ

Arise and warn

3

وَرَبَّكَ فَكَبِّرْ

And your Lord glorify

4

وَثِيَابَكَ فَطَهِّرْ

And your clothing purify

5

وَٱلرُّجْزَ فَٱهْجُرْ

And uncleanliness1789 avoid

  1. [1789] Specifically, idols or generally, bad conduct and morals. ↩

6

وَلَا تَمْنُن تَسْتَكْثِرُ

And do not confer favor to acquire more1790

  1. [1790] An alternative meaning is "Do not consider any favor you have conferred to be great." ↩

7

وَلِرَبِّكَ فَٱصْبِرْ

But for your Lord be patient.

8

فَإِذَا نُقِرَ فِى ٱلنَّاقُورِ

And when the trumpet is blown,

9

فَذَٰلِكَ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ يَوْمٌ عَسِيرٌ

That Day will be a difficult day

10

عَلَى ٱلْكَٰفِرِينَ غَيْرُ يَسِيرٍۢ

For the disbelievers - not easy.

11

ذَرْنِى وَمَنْ خَلَقْتُ وَحِيدًۭا

Leave Me with the one I created alone1791

  1. [1791] i.e., without wealth or children. The reference is to al-Waleed bin al-Mugheerah, who after inclining toward the Qur’ān, denied it publicly in order to win the approval of the Quraysh. ↩

12

وَجَعَلْتُ لَهُۥ مَالًۭا مَّمْدُودًۭا

And to whom I granted extensive wealth

13

وَبَنِينَ شُهُودًۭا

And children present [with him]

14

وَمَهَّدتُّ لَهُۥ تَمْهِيدًۭا

And spread [everything] before him, easing [his life].

15

ثُمَّ يَطْمَعُ أَنْ أَزِيدَ

Then he desires that I should add more.

16

كَلَّآ ۖ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ لِءَايَٰتِنَا عَنِيدًۭا

No! Indeed, he has been toward Our verses obstinate.

17

سَأُرْهِقُهُۥ صَعُودًا

I will cover him with arduous torment.

18

إِنَّهُۥ فَكَّرَ وَقَدَّرَ

Indeed, he thought and deliberated.1792

  1. [1792] About what he would say concerning the Qur’ān and how he might discredit the Prophet (ﷺ). ↩

19

فَقُتِلَ كَيْفَ قَدَّرَ

So may he be destroyed [for] how he deliberated.

20

ثُمَّ قُتِلَ كَيْفَ قَدَّرَ

Then may he be destroyed [for] how he deliberated.

21

ثُمَّ نَظَرَ

Then he considered [again];

22

ثُمَّ عَبَسَ وَبَسَرَ

Then he frowned and scowled;

23

ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ وَٱسْتَكْبَرَ

Then he turned back and was arrogant

24

فَقَالَ إِنْ هَٰذَآ إِلَّا سِحْرٌۭ يُؤْثَرُ

And said, "This is not but magic imitated [from others].

25

إِنْ هَٰذَآ إِلَّا قَوْلُ ٱلْبَشَرِ

This is not but the word of a human being."

26

سَأُصْلِيهِ سَقَرَ

I will drive him into Saqar.1793

  1. [1793] One of the proper names of Hell. ↩

27

وَمَآ أَدْرَىٰكَ مَا سَقَرُ

And what can make you know what is Saqar?

28

لَا تُبْقِى وَلَا تَذَرُ

It lets nothing remain and leaves nothing [unburned],

29

لَوَّاحَةٌۭ لِّلْبَشَرِ

Altering [i.e., blackening] the skins.

30

عَلَيْهَا تِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ

Over it are nineteen [angels].

31

وَمَا جَعَلْنَآ أَصْحَٰبَ ٱلنَّارِ إِلَّا مَلَٰٓئِكَةًۭ ۙ وَمَا جَعَلْنَا عِدَّتَهُمْ إِلَّا فِتْنَةًۭ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لِيَسْتَيْقِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَيَزْدَادَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِيمَٰنًۭا ۙ وَلَا يَرْتَابَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ ۙ وَلِيَقُولَ ٱلَّذِينَ فِى قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌۭ وَٱلْكَٰفِرُونَ مَاذَآ أَرَادَ ٱللَّهُ بِهَٰذَا مَثَلًۭا ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يُضِلُّ ٱللَّهُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَهْدِى مَن يَشَآءُ ۚ وَمَا يَعْلَمُ جُنُودَ رَبِّكَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۚ وَمَا هِىَ إِلَّا ذِكْرَىٰ لِلْبَشَرِ

And We have not made the keepers of the Fire except angels. And We have not made their number except as a trial for those who disbelieve - that those who were given the Scripture will be convinced and those who have believed will increase in faith and those who were given the Scripture and the believers will not doubt and that those in whose hearts is disease [i.e., hypocrisy] and the disbelievers will say, "What does Allāh intend by this as an example?" Thus does Allāh send astray whom He wills and guide whom He wills. And none knows the soldiers of your Lord except Him. And it [i.e., mention of the Fire] is not but a reminder to humanity.

32

كَلَّا وَٱلْقَمَرِ

No! By the moon

33

وَٱلَّيْلِ إِذْ أَدْبَرَ

And [by] the night when it departs

34

وَٱلصُّبْحِ إِذَآ أَسْفَرَ

And [by] the morning when it brightens,

35

إِنَّهَا لَإِحْدَى ٱلْكُبَرِ

Indeed, it [i.e., the Fire] is of the greatest [afflictions]

36

نَذِيرًۭا لِّلْبَشَرِ

As a warning to humanity -

37

لِمَن شَآءَ مِنكُمْ أَن يَتَقَدَّمَ أَوْ يَتَأَخَّرَ

To whoever wills among you to proceed1794 or stay behind.

  1. [1794] To righteousness by acceptance of the warning. ↩

38

كُلُّ نَفْسٍۭ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ رَهِينَةٌ

Every soul, for what it has earned, will be retained1795

  1. [1795] i.e., subject or held responsible. ↩

39

إِلَّآ أَصْحَٰبَ ٱلْيَمِينِ

Except the companions of the right,1796.

  1. [1796] i.e., the righteous who receive their records in their right hands. ↩

40

فِى جَنَّٰتٍۢ يَتَسَآءَلُونَ

[Who will be] in gardens, questioning each other

41

عَنِ ٱلْمُجْرِمِينَ

About the criminals,

42

مَا سَلَكَكُمْ فِى سَقَرَ

[And asking them], "What put you into Saqar?"

43

قَالُوا۟ لَمْ نَكُ مِنَ ٱلْمُصَلِّينَ

They will say, "We were not of those who prayed,

44

وَلَمْ نَكُ نُطْعِمُ ٱلْمِسْكِينَ

Nor did we used to feed the poor.

45

وَكُنَّا نَخُوضُ مَعَ ٱلْخَآئِضِينَ

And we used to enter into vain discourse with those who engaged [in it],

46

وَكُنَّا نُكَذِّبُ بِيَوْمِ ٱلدِّينِ

And we used to deny the Day of Recompense

47

حَتَّىٰٓ أَتَىٰنَا ٱلْيَقِينُ

Until there came to us the certainty [i.e., death]."

48

فَمَا تَنفَعُهُمْ شَفَٰعَةُ ٱلشَّٰفِعِينَ

So there will not benefit them the intercession of [any] intercessors.

49

فَمَا لَهُمْ عَنِ ٱلتَّذْكِرَةِ مُعْرِضِينَ

Then what is [the matter] with them that they are, from the reminder, turning away

50

كَأَنَّهُمْ حُمُرٌۭ مُّسْتَنفِرَةٌۭ

As if they were alarmed donkeys

51

فَرَّتْ مِن قَسْوَرَةٍۭ

Fleeing from a lion?

52

بَلْ يُرِيدُ كُلُّ ٱمْرِئٍۢ مِّنْهُمْ أَن يُؤْتَىٰ صُحُفًۭا مُّنَشَّرَةًۭ

Rather, every person among them desires that he1797 would be given scriptures spread about.1798

  1. [1797] Instead of Muḥammad (ﷺ). ↩
  2. [1798] i.e., made public. Much of their refusal of his message was due to envy and jealousy of the Prophet (ﷺ). ↩

53

كَلَّا ۖ بَل لَّا يَخَافُونَ ٱلْءَاخِرَةَ

No! But they do not fear the Hereafter.

54

كَلَّآ إِنَّهُۥ تَذْكِرَةٌۭ

No! Indeed, it [i.e., the Qur’ān] is a reminder

55

فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُۥ

Then whoever wills will remember it.

56

وَمَا يَذْكُرُونَ إِلَّآ أَن يَشَآءَ ٱللَّهُ ۚ هُوَ أَهْلُ ٱلتَّقْوَىٰ وَأَهْلُ ٱلْمَغْفِرَةِ

And they will not remember except that Allāh wills. He is worthy of fear and adequate for [granting] forgiveness.

About This Surah

Surah Al-Muddaththir calls the Messenger to rise and warn, magnify God, maintain purity, avoid giving for greater return, and remain patient. It exposes an opponent who calculates how to dismiss revelation, describes the Fire and its nineteen keepers, and lists neglect of prayer, feeding the poor, and reckless discourse. The number nineteen must not become occult numerology or a private code system.

Al-Muddaththir begins with a direct commission: rise, warn, magnify the Lord, maintain purity, leave defilement, do not give in pursuit of greater return, and be patient. Public mission is joined to inner discipline and freedom from transactional manipulation.

The trumpet introduces a difficult day. A prosperous opponent is described as receiving extensive gifts, then calculating how to characterize revelation. His conclusion that it is magic and human speech is condemned because it follows deliberate resistance rather than honest inquiry.

The Fire is described with nineteen over it. The chapter explains that the number functions as a test, strengthening some while exposing diseased or rejecting responses. This explicit purpose does not authorize “code 19” systems, occult calculations, predictions, or claims that every textual feature can be solved numerically.

People in the Garden ask those in the Fire what led them there. The answers include neglect of prayer, failure to feed the poor, joining reckless discourse, and denying judgment. Worship, social responsibility, speech, and accountability remain inseparable.

The closing compares people fleeing the reminder to startled donkeys fleeing a lion and rejects demands for individualized scrolls. The Quran is reminder, while forgiveness and God-consciousness remain under divine authority. No fixed recitation outcome is asserted.

Core Themes

  • Commission to warn with disciplined character
  • Purity without transactional piety
  • Calculated rejection of revelation
  • Nineteen as a stated test, not numerology
  • Prayer joined to feeding the poor
  • Reminder, accountability, and forgiveness

Structure

Verses 1-10: Commission, purity, patience, and the trumpet — 1-10

Verses 1-10 focus on commission, purity, patience, and the trumpet.

Verses 11-30: The calculating opponent and the Fire — 11-30

Verses 11-30 focus on the calculating opponent and the fire.

Verses 31-37: The nineteen as a test and warning — 31-37

Verses 31-37 focus on the nineteen as a test and warning.

Verses 38-56: Human responsibility, neglected duties, and reminder — 38-56

Verses 38-56 focus on human responsibility, neglected duties, and reminder.

Key Passages

Commission, purity, patience, and the trumpet — 1-10

Verses 1-10 address commission, purity, patience, and the trumpet.

The calculating opponent and the Fire — 11-30

Verses 11-30 address the calculating opponent and the fire.

The nineteen as a test and warning — 31-37

Verses 31-37 address the nineteen as a test and warning.

Human responsibility, neglected duties, and reminder — 38-56

Verses 38-56 address human responsibility, neglected duties, and reminder.

Recitation Note

No exclusive time, fixed repetition count, or guaranteed worldly outcome is asserted here for reciting Surah Al-Muddaththir. Reading it is worship and study; any claim about protection, healing, provision, family outcomes, or a prescribed number requires separate exact evidence and narrow wording.

Interpretation Limits

  • The number nineteen must not become occult numerology, prediction, or a private Quran-code system.
  • Purity language must not be expanded into unsupported obsessive or discriminatory rules.
  • Warning does not authorize harassment, coercion, or declaring named people condemned.
  • No fixed count or guaranteed result is attached to reciting the surah.

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